![]() ![]() ![]() Pain, misalignment, stiffness (morning vs day long improves/worsens with activity), joint swelling, decreased range of motion, crepitus, functional deficit, arthritis Genital: Vaginal – discharge, pain, Menses – frequency, regularity, heavy or light (ask about excessive use of pads/ tampons, staining of clothes, clots always indicate heavy bleeding), duration, pain, first day of last menstrual period (LMP), gravida/para/abortus, menarche, menopause, contraception (if relevant), date of last smear test and result Urinary: Irritative vs Obstructive symptoms: Micturition – incontinence, dysuria, haematuria, nocturia, polyuria, hesitancy, terminal dribbling, decreased force of stream Runny nose, frequent nose bleeds ( epistaxis), sinus pain, stuffy ears, ear pain, ringing in ears ( tinnitus), gingival bleeding, toothache, sore throat, pain with swallowing ( odynophagia)Ĭhest pain, shortness of breath, exercise intolerance, PND, orthopnoea, oedema, palpitations, faintness, loss of consciousness, claudicationĬough, sputum, wheeze, haemoptysis, shortness of breath, exercise intoleranceĪbdominal pain, unintentional weight loss, difficulty swallowing (solids vs liquids), indigestion, bloating, cramping, loss of appetite, food avoidance, nausea/ vomiting, diarrhea/ constipation, inability to pass gas ( obstipation), vomiting blood ( haematemesis), bright red blood per rectum (BRBPR, hematochezia), foul smelling dark black tarry stools ( melaena), dry heaves of the bowels ( tenesmus) Visual changes, headache, eye pain, double vision, scotomas (blind spots), floaters or "feeling like a curtain got pulled down" ( retinal hemorrhage vs amaurosis fugax) ![]() Weight loss, day sweats, fatigue/ malaise/ lethargy, sleeping pattern, appetite, fever, itch/ rash, recent trauma, lumps/bumps/ masses There are 14 systems recognized by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services: System Unspecified and other symptoms can't consider for both HPI and ROS: However, the following are examples of what can be included. Different sources describe slightly different systems of organizing the organ systems. Whatever system a specific condition may seem restricted to, it may be reasonable to review all the other systems in a comprehensive history. Along with the physical examination, it can be particularly useful in identifying conditions that do not have precise diagnostic tests. It is often structured as a component of an admission note covering the organ systems, with a focus upon the subjective symptoms perceived by the patient (as opposed to the objective signs perceived by the clinician). A review of systems ( ROS), also called a systems enquiry or systems review, is a technique used by healthcare providers for eliciting a medical history from a patient. ![]()
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